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3 November 2026

In the mangroves and shallow waters of Southeast Asia, a small fish has developed an unusual hunting technique. The archerfish does not always chase its prey underwater. Instead, it shoots a precise jet of water at insects resting above the surface.

The sudden impact knocks the insect into the water, where the fish can catch it.

What makes this behaviour particularly fascinating is the accuracy involved. The archerfish must account for the distortion caused by light passing between water and air. An insect that appears to be in one position may actually be somewhere else.

The fish adjusts its aim and learns to improve its shooting ability through experience. Larger prey may require a stronger jet, while smaller targets demand careful precision.

Scientists have studied archerfish because their ability to compensate for visual distortion offers insights into how animals interpret the world around them.

There is something remarkable about a creature that turns a simple mouthful of water into a hunting instrument. No elaborate machinery is needed, only an extraordinary combination of vision, judgement and coordination.

The next time an insect rests above a quiet pool, it may be unaware that the water below is already taking aim.

Rajat Chandra Sarmah, Guwahati, Assam, India, Instagram @rajatchandrasarmah, YouTube: conversewithasmile, email rajatchandrasarmah@gmail.com